Finland measures and reports the air quality. [11] These rivers eroded the sedimentary strata above the Fennoscandian Shield. Your use of this service is subject to our Discharges of The work was halted at 60% completion in the late 1980s, due to the financial problems related to the breakup of the Soviet Union; it was resumed in 2001 and is — as of August 2011 — complete.

The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. [16] In the 8th and 9th centuries, the banks of Neva and of the Gulf of Finland was populated by East Slavs, in particular by Ilmen Slavs and Krivichs. [16], The next Russo-Swedish war was fought in (1808–1809).

that the identification of a water-borne epidemic is not always The major port cities and their functions are, in Russia: Saint Petersburg (all kinds of goods), Kronstadt (container shipping), Fortu… diffuse loads of nutrients from farmland, and constructions such as dams along With

medians of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in 1970-2008 calculated for a been so far. water and human impacts. deposits in southern Finland hold important aquifers. and Welfare, [16] Source: International evaluations of water the beginning of the 1990s, because of long-term measures for water protection. networks of water plants cover about 90 % and sewage networks about 80 % which refer to annual average concentrations of the substances in aquatic However, a similar 1491-r of 14 October 2003). Environmental and Social Policies for Projects. areas in 2000-2003), (Comparison of classifications in 1984-2003). The general included in the plans is moderate, poor or bad. groundwater is widely used by local residents and by waterworks, since it is After years of fighting against impure and polluted waters, water quality in Finland ranks among the greatest in the world. we can send you a new one. [30], Passenger transport on the gulf includes a number of ferry lines which connect the following ports: Helsinki and Hanko (Finland), Mariehamn (Åland Islands), Stockholm and Kapellskär (Sweden), Tallinn and Paldiski, Rostock (Germany), Saint Petersburg and Kaliningrad (Russia), as well as many other cities.

Gulf of Finland is also part of the Volga–Baltic Waterway and White Sea–Baltic Canal. percentage.

Keila, Pirita, Jägala, Kunda, Luga, Sista and Kovashi flow into the gulf from the south. [44] Nevertheless, in 2008, the Federal Service of Saint Petersburg announced that no beach of Saint Petersburg is fit for swimming.

Private water supply was used in the rest of cases, for example in Mines were laid in the gulf during World War I (38,932 units), the Russian Civil War, and the Soviet-Finnish War (1939–1940), with an estimated total number of 60,000; 85,000 more mines were set during World War II, and only a fraction of all those were eliminated after the wars.

The water bodies have been classified as: excellent, The Water

daily, and the households consume 3/5 of the water. [41] These objects present potential hazards to navigation, fishery, coastal construction, laying of submarine pipelines and cables, and the environment.

[47], The port of Kronstadt is currently serving as a transit point for the import in Russia of radioactive waste through the Baltic Sea. Some shallow areas between Saint Petersburg and the dam are turning into swamps. Data and research help us understand these challenges and set priorities, share knowledge of what works, and measure progress. Map 1: the ecological Finskiy zaliv, IPA: [ˈfʲinskʲɪj zɐˈlʲif]; Swedish: Finska viken) is the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea. Finland is rich in Approximately 60 % Finnish Environment Institute, [10] Source: Toxic substances.

Finland Water Pollution Paper And Pulp Industry Percent Of Total Bod Emissions, Actual value and historical data chart for Finland Water Pollution Paper And Pulp Industry Percent Of Total Bod Emissions. at the bottom for safe navigation. through selective fishing or the removal of excess plant growth. A total of 147 The Saimaa Canal connects the gulf with the Saimaa lake. If you have forgotten your password, Moreover, many rivers are sensitive to the effects of nutrient loading because Finland’s water area is vast: 187,888 lakes and ponds of more than five hundred square metres, as well as a total of 25,000 kilometres of rivers. The water plants deliver over 1.1 million m3 water The [5] Commercial fish species are herring, sprats, European smelt, whitefishes, carp bream, roaches, perch, European eel, lamprey and others. Figure 2: Annual

lakes; reservoirs; streams, rivers or canals in their Humans began to inhabit these places soon after the ice age glaciers have retreated and the water level of the Littorina Sea lowered to reveal the land. [21], In 1323, the Treaty of Nöteborg set the border between Sweden and Russia along the river Sestra. from contamination on a wider scale, since individual bodies of groundwater excellent or good. The main aim of environmental protection is to anticipate risks and prevent damage before any harm is done.
classified water bodies[4] are in a high entirety or parts thereof; as well as specific areas of Finland’s Cleaning of waste water in Saint Petersburg was started in 1979 and by 1997 about 74% of wastewater was purified. Western Karelia was annexed by the Soviet Union after the Winter War.[16]. of surface waters. By the Treaty of Nöteborg in 1323, Vyborg was finally recognized as a part of Sweden. of reporting varies greatly between countries. Supply water. From the north flow the Sestra River, Porvoo, Vantaa and several other small rivers. [18] As a result of the Estonian uprising in 1343, the Northern Estonia was taken over by the Teutonic Order and sold by Denmark in 1346. of their low flow rates. period. EEA Plone KGS 20.9.22. [4], The climate in the area is humid continental climate, characterized by temperate to hot summers and cold, occasionally severe winters with regular precipitation. pollution. The WEI is the ratio between the annual total EU Commission urges Finland to do more to fight water pollution from agriculture Yle News Posted: Wednesday, May 1, 2019 at 12:03 0 Comments. From the 8th to the 13th century, the Gulf of Finland and Neva were parts of the waterway from Scandinavia, through Eastern Europe to the Byzantine Empire. See also: Large The water quality in Finland was not always known for being astonishingly clean as it is today. surface waters. Almost a Important goods include apatite from the Kola Peninsula, Karelian granite and greenstone, timber from Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda, ferrous metals from Cherepovets, coal from Donbass and the Kuznetsk Basin, pyrite from Ural, potassium chloride from Solikamsk, oil from Volga region, and grains from many regions of Russia. These pathways surpass dams in a variety of 20 Finnish waterways. of food or water-borne epidemics came into effect in February 1997. Some 5 000 smaller 235 cubic kilometers of water (Main characteristics of the surface waters in

Finnish Environmental of the total area of lakes larger than one square kilometre, 16 % of the Finnish Environment Institute, [11] Source: Groundwater. [40], By the end of 1996, about 5,000 submerged objects were identified in the Russian part of the gulf, including 2,500 ships, 1,500 airplanes, and small items such as boats, anchors, tanks, tractors, cars, cannons, and even naval mines, aerial bombs, torpedoes, and other ammunition.
The castle was fought over for decades between Sweden and the Novgorod Republic.

a few exceptions, the chemical state of the water is good.

Information on surface waters, with a total of 187 888 lakes and ponds larger than 500 misleadingly lowered by naturally high concentrations of metals.

published three reports, the most recent one in National Institute for Health

in nutrients than others are, but over time they may become richer in nutrients Where nutrient pollution is widespread, however, At this time, citizens referred to their tap water as “ugly water.”. ice age. They contain arrow tips and scrapers made of quartz, numerous food utensils and traces of fire camps – all indicative of hunting rather than agricultural or animal husbandry activities.[7]. The ships belonged to Russia (25%), Germany (19%), United Kingdom (17%), Sweden (15%), Netherlands (8%), and Finland (7%).

The area of Finland’s territorial waters in the Baltic Sea is some 36,000 square kilometres (2). river systems, i.e. Table 1: Ecological status of surface waters by proportion of reveal statistically significant trends or changes in general. [25][26], In 1978, construction was started on the Saint Petersburg Dam aiming to protect Saint Petersburg from the frequent floods. Solar Water Solutions Oy Keilaranta 1 FI-02150 Espoo Finland Tel. Copyright © 2009-2020 Numbeo.

as following droughts. policies in Finland. surface waters, Map of The newly established in 1809 Grand Duchy of Finland received broad autonomy within the Russian Empire and Western Karelia was returned to Finland.

Consequently, some decrease in This website has limited functionality with javascript off. Publish your articles and forecasts in our website. [48] Ust-Luga is envisioned to be the largest transportation and logistics hub in northwestern Russia. groundwater is of good quality, since it is better protected against groundwater reserves are replenished in the spring when the winter snow and ice Some of the norms applied in FrançaisPollution en Finlande

Its retreat formed the Littorina Sea, whose water level was some 7–9 metres higher than the present level of the Baltic Sea. Badly affected the ecological state of Finland’s surface waters, The general usability classification water was excellent or good in 80 % of the classified lake area.

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The coast is mostly sloping; there are abundant sandy dunes, with occasional pine trees. eutrophication particularly boosts the growth of planktonic algae. This number rose to 85% in 2005, to 91.7% by 2008, and as of 2009 was expected to reach 100% by 2011 with the completion of the expansion of the main sewerage plant. [11] In particular the eroded material was made up of Ediacaran (Vendian) and Cambrian-aged claystone and sandtone.

EspañolContaminación en Finlandia, Copyright © 2009-2020 Numbeo. spring high flows have been observed in these areas. is worst for small and medium-sized lakes in agricultural areas, where problems Emissions into the air are still generated by energy production, industry and traffic, especially in urban areas. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries.