When Gregory XI brought the seat of the papacy to Rome in 1377, the city of Avignon was administered by a legate. Learn more about the world with our collection of regional and country maps. The Public Council, composed of forty-eight councillors chosen by the people, four members of the clergy, and four doctors from the university, met under the presidency of the chief magistrate of the city: the viquier (Occitan) or representative of the papal Legate or Vice-legate who annually nominated a man for the post. He gave them a mill and two houses he built for them on the site of the current Trouillas Tower at the papal palace. The 20th century saw significant development of urbanization, mainly outside the city walls, and several major projects have emerged. Learn. On 18 October 1847 the Avignon - Marseille railway line was opened by the Compagnie du chemin de fer de Marseille à Avignon (Marseille to Avignon Railway Company). Avignon, city, capital of Vaucluse département, Provence–Alpes–Côte d’Azur région, southeastern France. The French King Philip the Fair, who had inherited from his father all the rights of Alphonse de Poitiers (the last Count of Toulouse), made them over to Charles II, King of Naples and Count of Provence (1290). In 500 Clovis I, King of the Franks, attacked Gundobad, King of the Burgundians who was accused of the murder of the father of his wife Clotilde. The Avignon Papacy was also known as The Babylon Captivity (a reference to the forced detention of Jews in Babylonia c. 598 B.C.E.) It was, therefore in these terms that he spoke on the Nobel Prize in Literature: "Dear and illustrious master, you who have pointed out imperishable monuments in honour of French land; you who have raised the prestige of a language and a literature that has a place in our national history to be proud of; you who, in glorifying Provence, have braided a crown of olive green; to you, august master, I bring the testimony of the recognition of the Republic and the great motherland".[45][46]. The Western Schism was a prolonged period of crisis in Latin Christendom from 1378 to 1416, when there was conflict concerning the rightful holder of the papacy. World History Ch. In 472 Avignon was sacked by the Burgundians and replenished by the Patiens, from the city of Lyon, who sent them wheat.[g]. Avignon - a town in southeastern France on the Rhone River; the seat of the papacy from 1309 to 1378 and the residence of antipopes during the Great Schism. Test. At the time the city and its surroundings (the Comtat Venaissin) were ruled by the kings of Sicily of the House of Anjou. Avignon Papacy: The period from 1309 to 1377, during which seven successive popes resided in Avignon, France. [f], Invasions began and during the inroads of the Goths it was heavily damaged. Terms in this set (8) who was the first pope in the avignon papacy. William had his seat at Avignon and Roubaud at Arles. Moreover, the situation in central Italy was unsettled and French influence on the papal court had grown during the 13th century. John Balliol ruled as the king of Scotland from 1292 to 1296 CE. [h] Gregory of Tours noted that after the death of Bishop Antoninus in 561 the Parisian Father Dommole refused the bishopric of Avignon after Chlothar I convinced him that it would be ridiculous "in the middle of tired senators, sophists, and philosophical judges". It was the capital of the papacy from 1309 to 1377. From 1998 to 2001 the Avignon TGV station was built.[50]. Avignon is the capital of the French département of Vaucluse in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, and is on the banks of the Rhône river. In September 1947 the first edition of the future Avignon Festival was held. Maïeul was the younger son of Foucher de Valensole, one of the richest lords in Provincia, and Raymonde, daughter of Count Maïeul I of Narbonne, who were married at Avignon. Madder, a dye source, was introduced in 1756 and was for many years the area’s important cash crop; it is still cultivated. Overview Francesco Petrarca (July 20, 1304–July 19, 1374), commonly anglicized as Petrarch, was an Italian scholar and poet in Renaissance Italy, and one of the earliest Humanists. The Celtic tribes named it Auoention around the beginning of the Christian Era. a department of the papal Curia which resided in Rome), with the Cardinal Secretary of State as presiding prefect, who exercised their jurisdiction through the vice-legate. On 19 October 907 King Louis the Blind became emperor[l] and restored an island in the Rhone to Remigius, Bishop of Avignon. avignon papacy- world history. Urban V took the first decision to return to Rome, to the delight of Petrarch, but the chaotic situation there with different conflicts prevented him from staying there. It was in the 4th century BC that the Massaliotes (people from Marseilles) began to sign treaties of alliance with some cities in the Rhone valley including Avignon and Cavaillon. [d], Fortified on its rock, the city later became and long remained the capital of the Cavares. He was supported by Edward I of England (r. 1272-1307 CE) in the competition to find the successor to the heirless Alexander III of Scotland (r. 1249-1286 CE), a process known as the Great Cause. In 1536 king Francis I of France invaded the papal territory, in order to overthrow Emperor Charles V, who was emperor of the territory. PLAY. 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