king æthelwulf death

 

In 850 sub-king Æthelstan and Ealdorman Ealhhere of Kent won a naval victory over a large Viking fleet off Sandwich in Kent, capturing nine ships and driving off the rest. Æthelwulf is not listed in the index of Peter Hunter Blair's An Introduction to Anglo-Saxon England, first published in 1956, but in a new introduction to the 2003 edition Keynes listed him among people "who have not always been accorded the attention they might be thought to deserve ... for it was he, more than any other, who secured the political fortune of his people in the ninth century, and who opened up channels of communication which led through Frankish realms and across the Alps to Rome". Offa, King of Mercia from 757 to 796, was the dominant figure of the second half of the eighth century. [45], The early twentieth-century historian W. H. Stevenson observed that: "Few things in our early history have led to so much discussion" as Æthelwulf's Decimation Charters;[46]. He thus changed it from royal demesne, which he was obliged to pass on to his successor as king, to bookland, which could be transferred as the owner pleased, so he could make land grants to followers to improve security in a frontier zone.Template:Sfnm, Viking raids increased in the early 840s on both sides of the English Channel, and in 843 Æthelwulf was defeated by the companies of thirty-five Danish ships at Carhampton in Somerset. The Oxford Companion to British History. After the death of his father in 858 he ruled Kent, Surrey, Sussex, and Essex, and he reunited them with Wessex when in 860 he succeeded his brother Æthelbald in that kingdom. Under Ecgbeorht, Æthelwulf was sub-king in Kent. 1. O'Keeffe, Katherine O'Brien (Winter 1996). Buried Sherborne Abbey. [43], In the view of the numismatists Philip Grierson and Mark Blackburn, the mints of Wessex, Mercia and East Anglia were not greatly affected by changes in political control: "the remarkable continuity of moneyers which can be seen at each of these mints suggests that the actual mint organisation was largely independent of the royal administration and was founded in the stable trading communities of each city". A Danish fleet of 350 Viking ships took London and Canterbury, and when King Berhtwulf of Mercia went to their relief he was defeated. Aethelwulf (r. 839-858 CE) was King of Wessex, a region in modern-day Britain, son and successor to Egbert of Wessex (r. 802-839 CE) who had unified and expanded his kingdom with Aethelwulf's assistance.Aethelwulf fought at the Battle of Ellandun in 825 CE, defeating the Kingdom of Mercia and taking significant territories which he then ruled as sub-king under Egbert's supervision. King of Wessex. The Canterbury issue seems to have been ended in 850–851 by Viking raids, though it is possible that Rochester was spared, and the issue may have continued there. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records the death of King Æthelwulf two years after returning from Rome and his burial at Winchester. Æthelwulf (Old English for "Noble Wolf") was the brother of King Ælle. [41], Æthelwulf's first Rochester coinage may have begun when he was still sub-king of Kent, under Egbert. The two bishoprics of Wessex were Selborne in the west and Winchester in the east. Historians in the twenty-first century see him very differently, as a king who consolidated and extended the power of his dynasty, commanded respect on the continent, and dealt more effectively than most of his contemporaries with Viking attacks. He considered it unlikely that the First Decimation had been carried into effect, probably due to the threat from the Vikings. [74], On his way back from Rome Æthelwulf again stayed with King Charles the Bald, and may have joined him on a campaign against a Viking warband. [24], Depiction of Æthelwulf in the late-13th-century Genealogical Chronicle of the English Kings, When Æthelwulf succeeded to the throne of Wessex in 839, his experience as sub-king of Kent had given him valuable training in kingship, and he in turn made his own sons sub-kings. 2021 . (Unknown first wife died on an unknown date.) Unlike Finberg, she believes that both decimations were carried out, although the second one may not have been completed due to opposition from Æthelwulf's son Æthelbald. Æthelwulf (Old English pronunciation: [ˈæðelwuɫf]; Old English for "Noble Wolf"; died 13 January 858) was King of Wessex from 839 to 858. Aethelwulf’s father was Egbert, the King of Wessex who ruled from 802 until 839. [lower-alpha 1] In 825 his father, King Egbert, defeated King Beornwulf of Mercia, ending a long Mercian dominance over Anglo-Saxon England south of the Humber. According to Abels: "Æthelwulf was at the height of his power and prestige. Marriage Information: [6], England had suffered Viking raids in the late eighth century, but no attacks are recorded between 794 and 835, when the Isle of Sheppey in Kent was ravaged.Template:Sfnm In 836 Egbert was defeated by the Vikings at Carhampton in Somerset,[6], Æthelwulf was the son of Egbert, King of Wessex from 802 to 839. [78], Æthelbald's rebellion was supported by Ealhstan, Bishop of Sherborne, and Eanwulf, ealdorman of Somerset, even though they appear to have been two of the king's most trusted advisers. About 830 he married Osburga of Hampshire with whom he had at least seven children. On Æthelwulf's death in 858 he left Wessex to Æthelbald and Kent to Æthelberht, but Æthelbald's death only two years later led to the re-unification of the kingdom. He married Judith (844-870) circa858 JL in Wessex. Before seizing the throne of Wessex, Egbert lived in exile, in the Frankish court of King Charlemagne. Athelwulf, also spelled Æthelwulf or Ethelwulf (c. 795 –858) was a West Saxon nobleman.He conquered the territories of Kent, Sussex and Essex for his father in 825. 1 Biography 1.1 Season 1 2 Trivia 3 Appearances In A King's Ransom, Æthelwulf has just arrived upon being summoned by his brother. The date at which this occurred is unclear. Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. [39], Coin of King Æthelwulf: "EĐELVVLF REX", moneyer Manna, CanterburyTemplate:Sfnm, The silver penny was almost the only coin used in middle and later Anglo-Saxon England. In addition to Alfred the Great (ruled 871–899), three of Aethelwulf's four other sons became kings of Wessex. Egbert followed it up by sending Æthelwulf with Eahlstan, Bishop of Sherborne, and Wulfheard, Ealdorman of Hampshire, with a large army into Kent to expel sub-king Baldred. Fans have been thinking about some of the most iconic deaths throughout the series, including the death of Aethelwulf (played by Moe Dunford), who was the son of King Ecbert (Linus Roache). Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Consort Judith. At the Rochester mint the sequence was reversed, with an initial portrait design replaced, also in about 843, by a non-portrait design carrying a cross-and-wedges pattern on the obverse. The king’s son suffered a terrible fate in season 5 and fans have been speaking out about his untimely death. The ring, together with a similar ring of Æthelwulf's daughter Æthelswith, is one of two key examples of nielloed ninth-century metalwork. ." [9] He seems, however, to have stood aside in favour of his brother Aethelberht, king of Kent, to whose joint kingdoms he succeeded in 865 or 866. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Aethelred I, (died April 871), king of Wessex and of Kent (865/866–871), son of Aethelwulf of Wessex.. By his father’s will he should have succeeded to Wessex on the death of his eldest brother Aethelbald (d. 860). After a profitable three-year exile in the kingdom (and then the empire) of Charles the Great, Egbert succeed…, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/aethelwulf. Æthelwulf spent a year in Rome, and on his way back he married Judith, the daughter of the West Frankish King Charles the Bald. He was a respected warrior and commander and had been known to command Northumbria's armies in battle in the name of his brother. [70], The pilgrimage puzzles historians and Kelly comments that "it is extraordinary that an early medieval king could consider his position safe enough to abandon his kingdom in a time of extreme crisis". Birth abt 806, Wessex, England. He served as Sub-king of Kent, Essex, Sussex and Surrey between 825 and 828. In 839 he succeeded his father as King of Wessex [77], Æthelwulf returned to Wessex to face a revolt by Æthelbald, who attempted to prevent his father from recovering his throne. He succeeded to the title of King of Wessex in February 839 upon the death of his father. to the 870s when the Danes took over control at York, the Anglo-Sax…, Æthelbald (d. 757), king of Mercia (716–57). Æthelwold and his brother Æthelhelm were still infants when their father the king died while fighting a Danish Viking invasion. Charters. No coins were issued by Æthelwulf's sons during his reign. He succeeded his father as King of Wessex on Egbert's death in 839, at which time his kingdom stretched f… It was a propitious time for the West Saxon king to claim a place of honour among the kings and emperors of christendom. Ryan sees it as part of a campaign of religious devotion. Notes. After the death of King Æthelwulf, his sons were put into power, Æthelbald over the West Saxons, and Æthelbyrht over the people of Kent, and the East, South and Middle Saxons. "[6] One of the first of Æthelwulf's acts as king was to split the kingdom. Nelson states that the provision regarding the personal property had nothing to do with the kingship,[9], Æthelwulf died on 13 January 858. King Beorhtric of Wessex (786–802), married Offa's daughter in 789. [44], Charter S 316 dated 855, in which Æthelwulf granted land at Ulaham in Kent to his minister Ealdhere. The third son of King Æthelwulf by his first wife, Osburh. She was the daughter of Oslac, described by Asser, biographer of their son Alfred the Great, as "King Æthelwulf's famous butler",[lower-alpha 2] a man who was descended from Jutes who had ruled the Isle of Wight. "King Æthelred's Charter for Eynsham Abbey (1005)". Æthelwulf of Wessex was born 795 in Imperial Frankish Court, Aachen, France to Egbert of Wessex (c769-839) and died 13 January 858 inSteyning, Sussex of unspecified causes. Fans are introduced to Aethelwulf in season two of Vikings, as the prince of Wessex and Mercia, who is brave on the battlefield. The Annals of St Bertin took particular interest in Viking attacks on Britain, and in 852 Lupus, the Abbot of Ferrières and a protégé of Charles the Bald, wrote to Æthelwulf congratulating him on his victory over the Vikings and requesting a gift of lead to cover his church roof. Egbert (d. 839), king of Wessex. London was traditionally a Mercian town, but in the 830s it was under West Saxon control; soon after Æthelwulf's accession it reverted to Mercian control. [21], In 838 King Egbert held an assembly at Kingston in Surrey, where Æthelwulf may have received royal consecration by the archbishop. However, the way the real Aethelred died and … As ruler of the West Saxons from 839 to 856, he allied his kingdom of Wessex with Mercia and thereby withstood invasions by Danish Vikings. Grierson, Philip; Blackburn, Mark (2006). Mercia was dominant until the 820s, and it exercised overlordship over East Anglia and Kent, but Wessex was able to maintain its independence from its more powerful neighbour. Aethelwulf exercised authority in the south-east and made regular visits there. Ethelwulf, the name means noble wolf, is described by chroniclers as being a heavily built man, who was inclined to be sluggish and indolent. Egbert sent Æthelwulf with an army to Kent, where he expelled the Mercian sub-king and was appointed sub-king. In Baxter, Stephen; Karkov, Catherine; Nelson, Janet L. et al.. Nelson, Janet L. (2004c). A very strong and abled warrior-king, Æthelwulf was at the forefront of driving the Vikings from Wessex. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. When Æthelwulf returned to England, Æthelbald refused to surrender the West Saxon throne, and Æthelwulf agreed to divide the kingdom, taking the east and leaving the west in Æthelbald's hands. [28], After 830, Egbert had followed a policy of maintaining good relations with Mercia, and this was continued by Æthelwulf when he became king. (2013). Æthelwulf (or Ethelwulf), who was born around 795 and was the King of Wessex, succeeded to the throne on the death of his father King Egbert 1 in 839. Æthelwulf's family connections seem to have been west of Selwood, but his patronage was concentrated further east, particularly on Winchester, where his father was buried, and where he appointed Swithun to succeed Helmstan as bishop in 852–853. Æthelwulf appears in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle leading an army for his father Ecgbeorht in 825 [ASC(A,E) s.a. 823(=825)]. [33], In ninth-century Mercia and Kent, royal charters were produced by religious houses, each with its own style, but in Wessex there was a single royal diplomatic tradition, probably by a single agency acting for the king. The Oxford Companion to British History. "The Age of Alfred: Metalwork, Wood and Bone". Æthelwulf was the elder son of Egbert. Before Æthelwulf’s death, raiders had wintered over on the Isle of Sheppey, and pillaged at will in East Anglia. Aethelwulf's death in the series was, therefore, necessary to pave the way for Alfred to become King. "The Control of Kent in the Ninth Century". . The Chronicle frequently reported victories during Æthelwulf's reign won by levies led by ealdormen, unlike the 870s when royal command was emphasised, reflecting a more consensual style of leadership in the earlier period.Template:Sfnm, In 850 a Danish army wintered on Thanet, and in 853 ealdormen Ealhhere of Kent and Huda of Surrey were killed in a battle against the Vikings, also on Thanet. Æthelwulf's coinage came from a main mint in Canterbury and a secondary one at Rochester; both had been used by Egbert for his own coinage after he gained control of Kent. The son of Egbert (802–39) and father of four kings, the youngest of whom was Alfred the Great (871–99), Æthelwulf is a far from negligible figure in Anglo-Saxon history. The Vikings then moved on to Surrey, where they were defeated by Æthelwulf and his son Æthelbald at the Battle of Aclea. Death ... Misc. Place of death Wessex. Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. [9], Æthelwulf's reputation among historians was poor in the twentieth century. The king’s son suffered a terrible fate in season 5 and fans have been speaking out about his untimely death. Also to know is, did King Aethelwulf die from a bee sting? The early history of the kings of Wessex is for the most part clouded, with names available, but the histories behind them largely lost. Ryan, Martin J. In 855 Æthelwulf went on pilgrimage to Rome. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. In 835 he had commanded his father's army which conquered Kent and expelled King Baldred, the last King of Kent. In 853, not long after Beorhtwulf's death, the Welsh rebelled against Burgred and were subdued by an alliance between Burgred and Æthelwulf. "Monetary Alliance or Technical Cooperation? From the middle of the 6th cent. "King Alfred and the Mercians". And it is at this co… Egbert restored the East Malling estate to Wulfred's successor as Archbishop of Canterbury, Ceolnoth, in return for a promise of "firm and unbroken friendship" for himself and Æthelwulf and their heirs, and the same condition is specified in a grant to the see of Winchester. He assumed the throne of Wessex upon his father's death in 839. He’s a beast and survived so many battles but dies to a bee sting, basically the story of his life. Egbert's best claim was that he was the great-great-grandson of Ingild, brother of King Ine (688–726), and in 802 it would have seemed very unlikely that he would establish a lasting dynasty. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. Template:Sfnm, Egbert's conquests brought him wealth far greater than his predecessors had enjoyed, and enabled him to purchase the support which secured the West Saxon throne for his descendants. It was probably manufactured in Wessex, but was typical of the uniformity of animal ornament in England in the ninth century. © 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. JOHN CANNON "Æthelwulf King Aethelwulf Facts: Ascension. Aethelwulf, Anglo-Saxon king in England, the father of King Alfred the Great. "Kingship and Royal Property from Æthelwulf to Edward the Elder". He was the only known child of King Egbert of Wessex. Northumbria, kingdom of. At Canterbury in 828 Egbert granted privileges to the bishopric of Rochester, and according to the historian of Anglo-Saxon England Simon Keynes, Egbert and Æthelwulf took steps to secure the support of Archbishop Wulfred.Template:Sfnm However, the medievalist Nicholas Brooks argues that Wulfred's Mercian origin and connections proved a liability. "Royal Succession and the Growth of Political Stability in Ninth-Century Wessex". Predecessor Æthelwulf. Grueber, Herbert A.; Keary, Charles Francis (1893). His reign is characterized by Viking invasions and repulsions common to all English rulers of the time, but the making of war was not his chief claim to fame. Æthelwulf (ĕ`thəlwo͝olf, ă`–), d. 858, king of Wessex (839–56), son and successor of Egbert; father of Æthelbert Æthelbert, d. 865, king of Wessex (860–65), son of Æthelwulf. "The Queen in Ninth-Century Wessex". He assumed the throne of Wessex upon his father's death in 839. After the death of his father in 858 he ruled Kent, Surrey, Sussex, and Essex, and he reunited them with Wessex when in 860 he succeeded his brother Æthelbald in that kingdom. His father was Ealhmund of Kent. However, he made a grant of land in Somerset to his leading ealdorman, Eanwulf, and on 26 December 846 he granted a large estate to himself in South Hams in west Devon. [40], In about 848 both mints switched to a common design known as Dor¯b¯/Cant – the characters "Dor¯b¯" on the obverse of these coins indicates either Dorobernia (Canterbury) or Dorobrevia (Rochester), and "Cant", referring to Kent, appeared on the reverse. After 830 Egbert maintained good relations with Mercia, and this was continued by Æthelwulf when he became king in 839, the first son to succeed his father as West Saxon king since 641. Abels, Richard (2002). [61], Kelly argues that most charters were based on genuine originals, including the First Decimation of 844. (1979). [5], Almost nothing is recorded of the first twenty years of Egbert's reign, apart from campaigns against the Cornish in the 810s. Keynes, Simon (1995). ETHELWULF, ÆTHELWULF, ADELWLF, or ATHULF (d. 858), king of the West-Saxons and Kentishmen, the son of Ecgberht, is said to have been sent by his father to be brought up at Winchester by Swithun, afterwards bishop of that see (Florence, i. Finberg's terminology has been adopted, but his defence of the First Decimation generally rejected. They appear to represent the emergence of a "court style" of West Saxon metalwork, characterised by an unusual Christian iconography, such as a pair of peacocks at the Fountain of Life on the Æthelwulf ring, associated with Christian immortality. He assumed the throne of Wessex upon his father's death in 839. Æthelwulf was the son of Egbert and a sub-king of Kent. Æthelwulf appears in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle leading an army for his father Ecgbeorht in 825 [ASC(A,E) s.a. 823(=825)]. Many of its features are typical of ninth-century metalwork, such as the design of two birds, beaded and speckled borders, and a saltire with arrow-like terminals on the back. King Æthelwulf Ecberting (which means "Noble Wolf") was King of Wessex and Mercia, and son of the late King Ecbert. In Higham, Nicholas J.; Ryan, Martin J.. Webster, Leslie (1991). The kingdom was to be divided between the two oldest surviving sons, with Æthelbald getting Wessex and Æthelberht Kent and the south-east. Egbert was the son of Ealhmund, who had briefly been King of Kent in 784. [10], Æthelwulf was first recorded in 825, when Egbert won the crucial Battle of Ellandun against King Beornwulf of Mercia, ending the long Mercian ascendancy over southern England. When Aethelwulf took the throne after his father’s death he placed his son, Aethelstan the kingdom of the people of Kent, Surrey, and Sussex. Lupus also wrote to his "most beloved friend" Felix, asking him to manage the transport of the lead.Template:Sfnm Unlike Canterbury and the south-east, Wessex did not see a sharp decline in the standard of Latin in charters in the mid-ninth century, and this may have been partly due to Felix and his continental contacts. "England, 700–900". He is regarded as one of the most successful West Saxon kings, who laid the foundations for the success of his son, Alfred the Great. The synod at Croft held by Wiglaf in 836, which Beorhtwulf may have attended, was the last such conclave called together by a Mercian king. In 839, Æthelwulf succeeded his father Egbert as King. That same year he was appointed the king of Kent. His reign is characterized by the usual Viking invasions and repulsions common to all English rulers of the time, but the making of war was not his chief claim to fame. The Bald and Æthelwulf of Wessex: Alliance of 856 and Strategies of Royal ''. Heard of again, and king æthelwulf death died soon afterwards the second half of the doubt.... Married Unknown first wife, Osburh brother Æthelhelm were still infants when their father the King of Wessex 839! History '' over on the Isle of Sheppey, and his son Ethelwulf king æthelwulf death who had been... 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